Abstract: Macular epiretinal membrane is a non-vascular fibroblast membrane located on the retinal inner surface in the macular area. Idiopathic macular epiretinal membrane (iERM) accounts for about 80%. Currently, optical coherence tomography (OCT) is the preferred diagnostic method for identifying iERM. OCT technology enables the early detection of the thickened and enhanced layer in the macular region associated with iERM. The information provided by OCT, such as the staging of the condition, central macular thickness, and integrity of the ellipsoid zone, plays a significant role in follow-up, determining the optimal timing for surgery and predicting prognosis. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) combines the technology of OCT and vascular imaging. In patients with iERM, OCTA images exhibit differences compared to those of normal eyes due to the traction caused by the epiretinal membrane on the retinal vasculature. Therefore, key parameters obtained through OCTA, such as the FAZ (foveal avascular zone) area, degree of vascular distortion, and vascular density, provide valuable insights for evaluating the prognosis of patients. The application of OCT and OCTA aids in more accurate diagnosis and management of patients with macular epiretinal membrane.

Key words: idiopathic macular epiretinal epithelium, optical coherence tomography, optical coherence tomography angiography